Cryptogram Puzzle 1,998
Answers

Decoded in full, attributed to Doris Kearns Goodwin.

Letter frequency for cryptogram 1998: T 10, H 9, S 9, I 8, E 7, A 5, G 4, N 4, P 4, C 3, L 3, M 310T9H9S8I7E5A4G4N4P3C3L3M
The decoded quote:
“The past is not simply the past, but a prism through which the subject filters his own changing self-image.”
— Doris Kearns Goodwin

Cryptogram Puzzle 1,998 decodes to a quotation of 19 words attributed to Doris Kearns Goodwin. It runs to 107 characters and uses 20 distinct letters.

The chart above shows the real letter frequencies of this quote — T×10, H×9, S×9, I×8, E×7. That is the pattern that cracks it: in ordinary English E is the commonest letter by a wide margin, so whichever cipher symbol appears most in the puzzle is the first substitution worth testing. We publish the decoded quote and its author; the game generates its own substitution alphabet per player, so no fixed cipher is shown here.

This quote contains 9 short words of three letters or fewer, which are the other obvious way in — one-letter words are always A or I, and the commonest three-letter word by a wide margin is THE. Fixing one of those typically reveals enough of the text to read the rest.

This puzzle sits in the 1,901–2,000 block, with puzzle 1,997 and puzzle 1,999 linked at the foot of the page, so you can keep moving without returning to the index.

Puzzle 1,998 at a glance
AuthorDoris Kearns Goodwin
Characters107
Words19
Distinct letters20
Most frequentT×10 H×9 S×9
Questions

Cryptogram Puzzle 1,998 FAQ

1What is the answer to Cryptogram Puzzle 1,998?+
The decoded quotation is shown in full above, together with the author it is attributed to.
2How many answers does this level have?+
0, all listed on this page.
3Where do I go next?+
Use the links at the foot of the page for puzzle 1,997 and puzzle 1,999, or browse the whole 1,901–2,000 block.
4Are these answers verified?+
Yes. This puzzle was imported from a structured source record and validated on build. See the method page for exactly what is checked.
How to play

How Cryptogram Works

The same three moves solve most Cryptogram puzzles, including this one.

1

Count the letters

The most frequent symbol is usually E, then T, A, O and N. Frequency beats guessing every time.

2

Attack the short words

One-letter words are A or I. Common three-letter words are THE and AND, and they unlock the most letters at once.

3

Use the apostrophes

A letter after an apostrophe is almost always S, T, D, M, LL, RE or VE — a very short list to test.

Play smarter

Cryptogram Tips & Strategy

Starting with what this particular puzzle teaches you.

1

Most frequent letter here

In this quote the commonest letters are T×10, H×9, S×9. In English E leads by a wide margin, so test that substitution first.

2

It has 9 short words

Short words are the fastest way in — one-letter words are always A or I, and the commonest three-letter word is THE.

3

Frequency first

Count which cipher letter appears most. In English text it is E far more often than not, and fixing E alone usually reveals two or three short words.

4

One-letter words are A or I

There are no others in ordinary English. Two free letters from a single glance at the text.

5

THE is the giveaway

The commonest three-letter word by a wide margin. Finding one THE gives you T, H and E in a single move.

6

Apostrophes narrow sharply

A letter directly after an apostrophe is nearly always S, T, D or M, or the pairs LL, RE and VE. Very few options to test.

By the numbers

Cryptogram Puzzle 1,998 In Detail

Everything recorded for this puzzle, counted from its source record.

AuthorDoris Kearns Goodwin
Characters107
Words19
Distinct letters20
Short words9
Puzzle1,998